In 1953, Scientists James Watson And Francis Crick Revealed

In 1953, scientists James Watson and Francis Crick revealed the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA): the double helix. Through this groundbreaking revelation, many scientists are now able to edit and alter genes in foods such as tomatoes, milk, and corn. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) should be banned in the United States because of their environmental, social, and economical consequences. GMOs should be banned because of their harsh impact on the environment. They are causing biodiversity loss, affecting organic agriculture, and inhibiting sustainable agriculture. In his book, Beyond Evolution: The Genetically Altered Future of Plants, Animals, the Earth and Humans, Bioethicist Dr. Michael W. Fox states, â€Å"Some costs and†¦show more content†¦Also, attempts to uniform crops, or monoculture, will fuel genetic diversity loss. Genetic diversity is what helps crops adapt to weather and survive diseases; without genetic diversity, farmers will resort to using chemicals on their crops from those same companies that weakened their crops (Fox 83). Another example of biodiversity loss is eutrophication, the enrichment of ecosystems with chemicals. Bt itself is a built-in insecticide that is manufactured with more chemicals than traditional insecticides. It is first introduced into the plant and eventually spreads its harmful toxins into humans and animals. What is most alarming is the transmission of this detrimental poison into marine life. Oyster populations in the Chesapeake Bay, for example, have declined by 96 percent due to eutrophic ation from Bt (Hewitt). This is alarming because 60 percent of the world’s population relies on 40 percent of marine life as a source of food (Hewitt). The genetic modification of Bt crops also has an adverse effect on terrestrial life. This is further illustrated by a decrease in the number of predatory birds during the 1960’s and 1970’s from insecticide; more specifically, bald eagles have declined by at least 6 percent from its usage (Hewitt). GMOs advocates are advising the idea of including genetically altered organisms into organic farming. These advocates believe without the help of genetically engineered seeds the benefits of organic farming â€Å"will likely remain small†Show MoreRelated Discovery of the Structure of DNA Essay2374 Words   |  10 Pagesof February in 1953, according to James Watson, Francis Crick announced to the patrons of the Eagle Pub in Cambridge, â€Å"We have discovered the secret of life† (Watson 115, 1980). As Brian Hayes, the author of â€Å"The Invention of the Genetic Code† states, â€Å"If life ever had a secret, the double helix of DNA was surely it† (1). However, it was not the work of these two men alone that led to the discovery of the power the lies within the double helix, but rather the work of many scientists that was carefullyRead MoreThe Discovery In 1953 Of The Double Helix, The Twisted-Ladder1608 Words   |  7 PagesThe discovery in 1953 of the double helix, the twisted-ladder structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), by James Watson and Francis Crick marked a milestone in the history of science and gave rise to modern molecular biology, which is largely concerned with understanding how genes control the chemical processes within cells. In short order, their discovery yielded ground-breaking insights into the genetic code and protein synthesis. During the 1970s and 1980s, it helped to produce new and powerfulRead MoreNucleic Acids785 Words   |  4 Pagesliving organisms (see Virus). The pioneering research that revealed the general structure of DNA was performed by the British biophysicists Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins and by the American biochemist James Dewey Watson. Using an X-ray diffraction picture of the DNA molecule obtained by Wilkins in 1951, Crick and Watson were able to construct a model of the DNA molecule that was completed in 1953. For their work, the three scientists received the 1962 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine. TheRead MoreThe Dna And Its Structure2011 Words   |  9 Pagessuggested answers to both these questions. (Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al, 2002) With the help of many scientists we now know exactly what the DNA molecule is, its structure, and its function. The knowledge gained throughout the years on DNA has allowed many things such as that of genetic genealogy. Knowing the structure of the DNA is what has helped/continues to help scientists and people today understand this makeup. The Molecule of Heredity We are all aware ofRead MoreDNA Technologies 1012 Words   |  5 PagesThe structure of DNA was discovered in 1953 and revealed to the world by James Watson and Francis Crick.1 Since then, there has been a whirlwind of activity and discovery in the fields associated with DNA. We have found that DNA is not only a set of instructions for the body, but that it also contains a lot of information about the individual who â€Å"owns† the DNA. As it is rapidly becoming cheaper and easier to process DNA, it is becoming more difficult to make sure that there is adequate legislatureRead MoreDNA Barcoding and the BOLD Database1187 Words   |  5 Pageshave been made since the discovery of DNA structure and its function in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick. Recently, scientists have developed a process called DNA barcoding. The result of DNA barcoding is a database of barcodes of species, made up of a sequence of nucleotides in specific genes. DNA barcoding is a relatively new process that isolates a section of a mitochondrial gene and amplifies it, allowing scientists to sequence the order of nucleotide bases in a certain gene, the organism’sRead MoreThe Human Genome Project : An American Geneticist1244 Words   |  5 Pages THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT â€Æ' The human genome project has its origins in the mid-1980s, but its intellectual roots stretch back further. Alfred Sturtevant an American geneticist created the first Drosophila gene map in 1911. In 1953, Francis Crick and James Watson discovered the double helical structure of the DNA molecule. This discovery was the first crucial step in molecular genome analysis, and in much of the molecular biological research of the last half-century. In the mid-1970s, FrederickRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms And Its Impact On The Environment1622 Words   |  7 Pagesthe foods we eat are safe? Nowadays, more than 70% of our products on food shelves contain genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Through the groundbreaking discovery of the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by scientists James Watson and Francis Crick, in 1953, many scientists are now able to edit and reconstruct genes in foods as basic as rice, meat, and corn, to name a few. GMOs should be banned in the United Stat es because of their environmental, social, and economical harmful effects. Read MoreWhat Is Genetic Engineering?1808 Words   |  8 Pagesof organism and to introduce the result in an organism in order to change one or more of its characteristics[.]† (Webster, 2015) The persons who discovered the structure of the DNA began with James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. (DNAi, 2003) Since the discovery of the double helix strand many scientists began researching the DNA from all organisms. Thus, trying to reveal all secrets of all forms of life on Earth. Many blooms with different discoveries of the DNA and some were able to change itsRead MoreFood Culture5912 Words   |  24 PagesAgricultural biologists can modify existing genes, transplant genes from one organism s DNA into another s or even synthesize entirely new structures and insert them into a plant s DNA. Although the alteration of genes is a fairly new technology, scientists have already invented a variety of new organisms, such as coffee beans that do not contain caffeine and onions that can be chopped without inducing tears. [See 1999  Genetically Engineered Food] Nearly all GM foods on the market, however, come from

The impacts of Elvis Presley Free Essays

The impacts of Elvis Presley can be divided into several groups. Firstly is the impact in terms of the amount of sales that he made. He made 6 hit singles, at the time he had only been going for 10 months. We will write a custom essay sample on The impacts of Elvis Presley or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is more that any artist would hope to get in their whole career. His popularity among the younger generations also helps to see the impact the he has made, someone noticed that there was a market for music aimed towards younger generations, so they set out looking for someone; this meant that he had no competition when he was released onto the market. Because of this the impact seemed a lot greater, there had never been anything like it. Among adults there was also outrage because it went against everything that they believed to be right and good. The outrage meant that it must be cool to like him so his popularity grew. He also had a long term impact in that it wasn’t just the music. You could get toys and films, records and books. All of this added to the impact of him on U.S society. The next thing to consider is whether it was down to his music. Whatever anyone says it was clear that he had amazing talent; this doesn’t mean that everyone liked him but everyone acknowledged that it had its place. He was deemed â€Å"A white man that can sing like a black man†, he was something different and in this time there was no one else like him. The amount of sales from his records also helps to give evidence supporting this. He made it to number to in the company’s charts in a very short time shows how effective his music was. His unique dancing style meant that people were attracted to him. If they didn’t like him they still watched to see what all of the commotion was about. The fact that he appealed to the younger generations was the main reason for his success. The media, in particular the TV meant that he was always in the public eye. When he went onto the Milton Berle show for the first time they managed to knock Sergeant Bilko off of the top ratings. Everyone watched because the children liked him and the adults just had to see this controversy. The fact that he was followed all through his service in the army meant that he was given allot of credit. They saw his every move and everything he did. This built a lot of credit for him even amongst the adults. Then when he left the army he went straight into a TV special with Frank Sinatra. This meant that he had never really left the public eye, because he was still popular enough to do TV specials. There are other things that helped though; firstly there was a huge gap in the market where teenagers were concerned. This meant that there were many opportunities to offer something for the teenagers and because there was nothing else there would be no competition. They also had a greater chance of any bands released for the teenagers being liked. Marketing also played a big role in his impact on society. The amount of money that went into selling him was incredible. Everywhere that a teenager went there was something to remind you of the â€Å"King† Posters, billboards and TV’s shop windows. A third thing that would have helped his impact is the wealth of the US. After World War 2 they were the only country to make it out with a profit. Teenagers as a result were able to spend à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½7billion a year on clothes and records. This meant that there was allot of money available to spend. If people have this much money to waste as a country, the normal thing to do is spend it on something fashionable. The final thing that helped him to become so popular is the films that he stared in. There were so many of them and so many people went to see them, even if he was the worst actor ever and the plots were all the same. This meant that for the first time ever there were films specifically directed at the younger generation, adults didn’t approve so the most sensible thing to do was to go and see it, if only to annoy the adults. So all in all there are there are many reasons why his impact on society was so great. I think that it can best be described as a combination of things. His films and TV specials all help towards making him popular, but I think that the thing to remember is people ultimately know him for his music. This is why I believe that his impact on society was so great. If you think about all of the other things, they only came because of the music, he was only found because he could sing. How to cite The impacts of Elvis Presley, Papers

Essay on America Needs Obamacare Essay Example For Students

Essay on America Needs Obamacare Essay In the United States, the health market system is defective to the citizen. Even though the market is available to all citizens; There are at least half of a million Americans without health insurance plans. The costs of health in the United States have historically been unfavorable. This can be traced to the fact that the health sector is driven by a market-based system (Fernandez, 2010; Harris, 2011). This means that most of the health insurance companies are privately owned. The companies provide including basic medical expense plans and catastrophic hospital expense plans to accommodate the needs of consumers. It also offers supplemental products that provide protection against risks, including dental, vision, disability, critical illness, accident, hospital indemnity, and multi-benefit products. For many years, the American population had been subjected to severe exploitation by medical insurers, through imposition of hefty medical covers. The establishment of the The Patient Protection Affordable Care Act is now one of the most historical acts in the United States, considering that the act was championed by the United States president; Barack Obama. In the recent past, various policies introduced by the government have positively affected health care system in the United States. Consumers who are displeased with minimum restrictions of health care insurers may avoid signing up for insurance plans. As an example, since the beginning of the Obama care plan; health insurance for family coverage’s has risen up to $5,000 dollars. The premiums are low but the deductibles are high. Government taxes may cause little freedom and discourage patients to apply for health insurance. This can cause a downfall for physicians and organi. .E PublishingJost, T. S. (2009). Legal Solutions in Health Reform: Health Insurance Exchanges. Legals issues., pp, 1-4. http://scholarship. lawgeorgetown.edu/ois_papers/23 OMalley, J. (1989). MEDIGRAPHICS: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON HEALTH CARE MARKETS. Journal Of Health Care Marketing, 9 (1), 64-66. . MEDIGRAPHICS: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON HEALTH CARE MARKETS. Journal Of Health Care Marketing, 9 (1), 64-66. Retrieved From Ashford University Library. Martin, C. (2012). Obamacare brilliantly explained. Http//: blogs.deneverpost.com/health. Marton, C Martin, W. (Jan/ Feb 2013). How health care reform will affect you. Aequus Wealth management Newsletter. http://www.aequuswealth.com/newsletter/article/Ubokudom, E. S. (2012). US health care policy making: Ideological. Social and cultural differences and major influences. Springer Texts in Business and Economics, pp 1-26.

Islamic Terrorism And The United States Essays - Terrorism, Abuse

Islamic Terrorism and The United States Michelle Gowka PLSC 14H 04/26/01 The Threat of Islamic Terrorism With the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990's and the cold war over, the international community seemed to be on the threshold of an era of unprecedented peace and prosperity. Instead, a new series of problems was created, like ethnic conflicts, weapons proliferation, environmental problems, population growth, drug trafficking, and terrorism. Terrorism, as defined by Title 22 of the United States code, section 2656f(d), is the "pre-meditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence and audience." Islamic terrorism is a serious problem for the United States because of the threat to national security, the safety of innocent civilians, and the foundations of democratic societies throughout the world (1997 Global Terrorism: NP). Most of the Islamic world views the West, especially the United States, as the foremost corrupting influence on the Islamic world today. The Hizballah have taken this further by labeling the Unites States as "the Great Satan" (Sinha. "Pakistan-The Chief Patron-Promoter of Islamic Militancy and Terrorism": NP). This growing animosity the Islamic nations feel toward the Western world has been continually demonstrated by the increase in international terrorism. However, Muslims do not view their actions as acts of terrorism, but self-defense and their religious duty. The Islamic radical movements main success or failure has been their ability to gain legitimacy from the general public or from the greater part of it in each Muslim country (Paz 1998: NP). During the past two decades, they have had enormous success with their ability to present themselves to the Arab and Muslim world as the true bearers of Islam. They appeal to the lower class due to the shared resentment of wealthy weste rners while the middle class and intellectuals are drawn toward these radical groups in order to expel imported ideologies and forms of government (State Department. "Anti-US Attacks" 1997: NP). Radical Islamic organizations have declared a holy war, Jihad, in order to bring the Arab world together and take their place as a world power. In order to accomplish these goals, these Islamic radicals have mainly used terrorism as their main instrument of persuasion. The biggest and most active terrorist organizations are those which are state funded. These organizations act as both an overt and covert way of spreading the sponsor countries ideologies. The U.S. Secretary of State has designated seven governments as state sponsors of terrorism: Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Sudan, and Syria (State Department. "Over of State-Sponsored Terrrorism" 1997: NP). These governments support international terrorism either by engaging in terrorist activity themselves or by providing arms, training, safe haven, diplomatic facilities, financial backing, logistic and/or support to terrorists ("Over of State-Sponsored Terrorism" 1997: NP). Iran is one of the most active state sponsors of terrorism, involving themselves in the planning and execution of terrorist acts by its own agents and by surrogates such as the Hizballah. Tehran conducted 13 assassinations in 1997, the majority of which were carried out in northern Iraq against the regime's main opposition groups. An example occurred in January 1997, when Iranian agents tried to attack the Baghdad headquarters of Mujahedin-e Khalq using a supermortar. Despite sanctions and foreign political pressure, Iran continues to provide support in the form of training, money, and weapons to a variety of terrorist groups, such as Hizballah, HAMAS, and the PIJ (State Department "Over of State-Sponsored Terrorism" 1997:NP). Sudan is another large supporter of terrorist organizations. The Sudanese Government supports terrorists by providing paramilitary training, indoctrinization, money, travel documents, safe passage, and refuge. They also condone many of the objectionable activities of Iran, such as funneling assistance to terrorist and radical Islamic groups operating in and transiting through Sudan. Since Sudan was placed on the United States' list of state sponsors of terrorism in 1993, the Sudanese Government still harbors members of the most violent international terrorists and radical Islamic groups (State Department "Over of State-Sponsored Terrorism" 1997: NP). The countries of the middle east have found terrorism beneficial for many reasons. First, terrorism is an inexpensive alternative to fighting a war, while still spreading their ideology and advancing their political agenda. However,